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Published: Tuesday, 10 July 2018 02:32
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എറിക്ക് ജെ. ലർനർ  (Eric J. Lerner) എന്ന ഗവേഷകൻ ഈയിടെ ഒരു ഗവേഷണ ലേഖനം ഒരു പ്രമുഖ ശാസ്ത്ര പ്രസിദ്ധീകരണത്തിൽ (Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society) പ്രസിദ്ധീകരിച്ചു. പ്രപഞ്ചം വികസിച്ചുകൊണ്ടിരിക്കുകയാണ് എന്നുള്ള സിദ്ധാന്തമുപയോഗിച്ചു പ്രവചിക്കുന്ന രീതിയില്ല ഗാലക്ക്സികളുടെ പ്രതലശോഭയും വലിപ്പവും കാണപ്പെടുന്നത് എന്നുള്ള പുതിയ കണ്ടെത്തലാണ് അദ്ദേഹം  ഈ ലേഖനത്തിൽ വിവരിച്ചിരിക്കുന്നത്. അദ്ദേഹവും മറ്റു ചിലരും ചേർന്ന് ഇതിനു മുൻപ് പ്രസിദ്ധീകരിച്ച ഒരു ലേഖനത്തിൽ ഗാലക്സികളുടെ പ്രതലശോഭയും വലിപ്പവും ദൂരത്തിനനുസരിച്ച് മാറുന്ന സ്വഭാവം ഒരു “നിശ്ചല പ്രപഞ്ച” മാതൃകയും ആയിട്ടാണ്  ചേർന്നു പോകുന്നതെന്ന് വാദിച്ചിരുന്നു.  “മഹാസ്ഫോടനം ഒരിക്കലും നടന്നിട്ടില്ല” എന്ന പേരില്‍  ഒരു പുസ്തകം  1992ല്‍ അദ്ദേഹം പ്രസിദ്ധീകരിച്ചിരുന്നു. അങ്ങിനെ മഹാസ്ഫോടന സിദ്ധാന്തം തെറ്റാണെന്ന് നിരന്തരമായി വാദിക്കുന്ന ചുരുക്കം ചില ശാസ്ത്രജ്ഞന്മാരില്‍ ഒരാളാണ് എറിക്ക് ജെ. ലർനർ.  മഹാസ്ഫോടന സിദ്ധാന്തവും അതുമായി ബന്ധപ്പെട്ട് നിൽക്കുന്ന ശാസ്ത്രീയ ആശയങ്ങളുടെയും എറിക്ക് ലർനർ നടത്തിയ പുതിയ കണ്ടെത്തലുകളെയും കുറിച്ചുള്ള ചെറിയ വിവരണമാണ് ഈ ലേഖനത്തിലുള്ളത്.

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Published: Sunday, 07 February 2016 21:55
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Astrobiology Research Institutions world wide

(List not complete,  more shall be  added)

 

Publications

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Published: Friday, 22 January 2016 18:52
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Publications

 

  1. A. Santhosh Kumar, N. Chandra Wickramasinghe and Godfrey Louis, Red Rain Cells of Kerala as a Possible Carrier of the Diffuse Interstellar Bands and the UV Extinction Bump,
    Advances in Astrophysics, Vol. 4, Issue 2., p.72-81, May 2019. https://dx.doi.org/10.22606/adap.2019.42003
  2. J. Jubimol, M. S. Sreejith, C. Sudha Kartha, K. P. Vijayakumar and Godfrey Louis, "Photoluminescence studies on copper zinc sulfide thin films synthesized through chemical bath deposition" AIP Conference Proceedings 2082, 050005 (2019); https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5093865
  3. J. Jubimol, M. S. Sreejith, C. Sudha Kartha, K. P. Vijayakumar, Godfrey Louis,   Analysis of spray pyrolysed copper zinc sulfide thin films using photoluminescence, Journal of Luminescence, 203, 436-440, (2018), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jlumin.2018.06.079
  4. Edward J. Steele, Shirwan Al-Mufti, Kenneth A. Augustyn, Rohana Chandrajith, John P. Coghlan, S.G. Coulson, Sudipto Ghosh, Mark Gillman, Reginald M. Gorczynski, Brig Klyce, Godfrey Louis, Kithsiri Mahanama, Keith R. Oliver, Julio Padron, Jiangwen Qu, John A. Schuster, W.E. Smith, Duane P. Snyder, Julian A. Steele, Brent J. Stewart, Robert Temple, Gensuke Tokoro, Christopher A. Tout, Alexander Unzicker, Milton Wainwright, Jamie Wallis, Daryl H. Wallis, Max K. Wallis, John Wetherall, D.T. Wickramasinghe, J.T. Wickramasinghe, N. Chandra Wickramasinghe, Yongsheng Liu,  Reply to editorial and commentaries on Steele, Al-Mufti, Augustyn, Chandrajith, Coghlan, Coulson et al. (2018) "Cause of Cambrian explosion - Terrestrial or Cosmic?", Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology, 136, 27-28, (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2018.03.007
  5. Edward J. Steele, Shirwan Al-Mufti, Kenneth A. Augustyn, Rohana Chandrajith, John P. Coghlan, S.G. Coulson, Sudipto Ghosh, Mark Gillman, Reginald M. Gorczynski, Brig Klyce, Godfrey Louis, Kithsiri Mahanama, Keith R. Oliver, Julio Padron, Jiangwen Qu, John A. Schuster, W.E. Smith, Duane P. Snyder, Julian A. Steele, Brent J. Stewart, Robert Temple, Gensuke Tokoro, Christopher A. Tout, Alexander Unzicker, Milton Wainwright, Jamie Wallis, Daryl H. Wallis, Max K. Wallis, John Wetherall, D.T. Wickramasinghe, J.T. Wickramasinghe, N. Chandra Wickramasinghe, Yongsheng Liu, Cause of Cambrian Explosion - Terrestrial or Cosmic?, Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology, , 136, 3-23, (2018), doi: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2018.03.004
  6. Siril V. S., K. N. Madhusoodanan, Sinjumol K. Rajan, and Godfrey Louis, "Study on ammonia gas sensing property of hydrothermally synthesized pure ZnO nanorods", AIP Conference Proceedings 1849, 020033 (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4984180
  7. J. Jubimol, D.R. Deepu, C S. Rajesh, G. Aswathy, C. S. Kartha, Godfrey Louis and  K.  P. Vijayakumar,  “Photoluminescence Based Investigations Of Precursor Related Impacts On Silver Doped ZnO Thin Films,” in 13th International Conference on Fiber Optics and Photonics, 2016, p. W3A.24. https://doi.org/10.1364/PHOTONICS.2016.W3A.24 
  8. D. R. Deepu, J. Jubimol, C. S. Kartha, G. Louis, K. R. Kumar, and K. P. Vijayakumar, “Modification of opto-electronic properties of ZnO by incorporating metallic tin for buffer layer in thin film solar cells,” AIP Conf. Proc., vol. 1665, p. 120019, (2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4918126
  9. A. S. Kumar, C. Joseph, R. Paulose, R. Rajesh, G. Joseph, and G. Louis, “Microhardness studies of sulfamic acid single crystal,” IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., vol. 73, p. 012108, Feb. 2015.
  10. A. S. Kumar, N. C. Wickramasinghe, and G. Louis, “A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TRENTEPOHLIA AND RED RAIN CELLS,” Int. J. Recent Sci. Res., vol. 4, no. 8, pp. 1205–1209, 2013.
  11. G. Louis and A. S. Kumar, “Autofluorescence characteristics of the red rain cells,” in SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications, 2013, p. 88650I–88650I–10.
  12. A. S. Kumar, L. Iype, R. Rajesh, G. Varughese, G. Joseph, and G. Louis, “Electrical conductivity and dielectric properties of potassium sulfamate single crystals,” Cryst. Res. Technol., vol. 46, no. 10, pp. 1027–1034, Jul. 2011.
  13. R. Gangappa, C. Wickramasinghe, M. Wainwright, A. S. Kumar, and G. Louis, “Growth and replication of red rain cells at 121[degree]C and their red fluorescence,” in Instruments, Methods, and Missions for Astrobiology XIII, 2010, vol. 7819, no. 1, p. 78190N–11.
  14. G. Joseph, A. S. Kumar, R. Rajesh, and G. Louis, “Growth and dc conductivity studies of tripotassium sodium dichromate single crystal,” Indian J. Phys., vol. 84, no. 9, pp. 1123–1128, 2010.
  15. G. Louis and A. S. Kumar, “Growth characteristics of red rain microbes at temperatures below 100 deg C,” in Instruments, Methods, and Missions for Astrobiology XIII, 2010, vol. 7819, no. 1, p. 78190R–9.
  16. A. Santhosh Kumar, G. Varughese, L. Iype, R. Rajesh, G. Joseph, and G. Louis, “Electrical conductivity of sulfamic acid single crystals,” Cryst. Res. Technol., vol. 45, no. 8, pp. 879–882, Jun. 2010.
  17. G. Varughese, A. Santhosh Kumar, and G. Louis, “Detection of elastic and electric conductivity anomalies in Potassium Sulphamate single crystal,” Phys. B Condens. Matter, vol. 405, no. 7, pp. 1813–1816, Apr. 2010.
  18. G. Varughese, A. Santhosh Kumar, J. Philip, and G. Louis, “Anisotropy in elastic properties of lithium sodium sulphate hexahydrate single crystal - An ultrasonic study,” Bull. Mater. Sci., vol. 32, no. 6, pp. 621–626, Feb. 2010.
  19. G. Joseph, A. S. Kumar, L. Iype, R. Rajesh, and G. Louis, “DC conductivity studies in K 3 Na(SeO 4 ) 2 single crystals,” Cryst. Res. Technol., vol. 44, no. 7, pp. 759–762, Jul. 2009.
  20. G. Joseph, a S. Kumar, L. Iype, R. Rajesh, and G. Louis, “DC conductivity studies in K 3 Na(SeO 4 ) 2 single crystals,” Cryst. Res. Technol., vol. 44, no. 7, pp. 759–762, Jul. 2009.
  21. A. S. Kumar and G. Louis, “An optical spectroscopic study correlating the yellow rain and cultured red rain microbes,” in Instruments and Methods for Astrobiology and Planetary Missions XII, 2009, vol. 7441, no. 1, p. 74410N–6.
  22. G. Varughese, A. S. Kumar, J. Philip, and G. Louis, “Elastic constant measurements of super ionic LiKSO 4 :Na single crystals,” Cryst. Res. Technol., vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 300–304, Mar. 2009.
  23. G. Varughese, A. S. Kumar, J. Philip, and G. Louis, “Elastic study of Potassium Sulphamate crystal using ultrasonic Pulse Echo Overlap technique,” Solid State Commun., vol. 149, no. 15–16, pp. 645–647, Apr. 2009.
  24. G. Louis and A. S. Kumar, “Unusual autofluorescence characteristic of cultured red-rain cells,” in Instruments, Methods, and Missions for Astrobiology XI, 2008, vol. 7097, no. 1, pp. 709712–9.
  25. G. Louis and A. S. Kumar, “The Red Rain Phenomenon of Kerala and its Possible Extraterrestrial Origin,” Astrophys. Space Sci., vol. 302, no. 1–4, pp. 175–187, Apr. 2006.
  26. G. Joseph, A. S. Kumar, L. Iype, and G. Louis, “AC conductivity and dielectric studies of K3Na(SeO4)2 single crystals in the high temperature region,” Indian J. Phys., vol. 79, pp. 699–702, 2005.
  27. R. R, A. S. Kumar, G. Joseph, and G. Louis, “Dielectric and Conductivity Studies of NiSeO4. 6H2O single crystal below room temperature,” in Proceedings of the DAE Solid State Physics Symposium Vol.50, 2005, pp. 745–746.
  28. R. Rajesh, A. S. Kumar, L. Iype, G. Joseph, and G. Louis, “Growth and DC Conductivity studies in MnSeO4.2H2O single Crystal,” Indian J. Phys., vol. 79, pp. 691–693, 2005.
  29. G. Varughese, A. S. Kumar, A. V. Alex, J. Philip, and L. Godfrey, “Elastic Properties of Potassium Lithium Hydrogen Sulphate Crystal: An Ultrasonic Study,” Ferroelectrics, vol. 323, no. 1, pp. 133–137, Aug. 2005.
  30. G. Louis and A. S. Kumar, “New biology of red rain extremophiles prove cometary panspermia,” eprint arXiv:astro-ph/0312639, pp. 1–17, Dec. 2003.
  31. G. Louis and A. S. Kumar, “Cometary panspermia explains the red rain of Kerala,” eprint arXiv:astro-ph/0310120, pp. 1–20, Oct. 2003.
  32. G. Varughese, L. Jose, P. S. Nair, A. Geeth, and L. Godfrey, “Thermal Studies of Phase Transition in NLO Sulphamic acid Crystal,” in Proceedings of DAE-BRNS National Laser Symposium December 22-24, 2003, 2003, pp. 325–326.
  33. G. Varughese, A. S. Kumar, L. Iype, A. V. Alex, J. Philip, and L. Godfrey, “Elastic properties of NLO sulphamic acid crystals,” in Proceedings of DAE-BRNS National Laser Symposium Nov 14-16, 2002, 2002, pp. 493–494.
  34. L. Godfrey and J. Philip, “Phase transitions in lithium ammonium sulfate below room temperature: An ultrasonic study,” Phys. Rev. B, vol. 54, no. 22, pp. 15708–15713, Dec. 1996; http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.54.15708
  35. L. Godfrey and J. Philip, “Ultrasonic measurement of the elastic constants of LiKSO4 between 300 and 370 K,” Solid State Commun., vol. 97, no. 7, pp. 635–638, Feb. 1996.
  36. L. Godfrey and J. Philip, “Numerical technique for bond correction in ultrasonic measurements,” Acoust. Lett. (UK), vol. 19, pp. 11–14, 1995.
  37. L. Godfrey, J. Philip, and M. T. Sebastian, “Elastic constants and high-temperature elastic anomalies near 425 K in lithium hydrazinium sulfate,” J. Appl. Phys., vol. 75, no. 5, p. 2393, 1994.
  38. J. Isaac, L. Godfrey, and Jacob Philip, “A low cost high precision proportional integral derivative temperature controller,” Indian J. Pure Appl. Phys., vol. 29, pp. 198–197, 1991.
  39. L. Godfrey and J. Philip, “A temperature controller for crystal growth experiments of long duration,” J. Phys. E., vol. 22, no. 7, p. 516, 1989.
  40. L. Godfrey and K. Viswanathan, “Low-cost precision high temperature controller,” Indian J. Pure Appl. Phys., vol. 22, pp. 505–7, 1984.

News Links

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Published: Saturday, 06 February 2016 23:13
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News links on Red Rain

 

  1. Skepticism greets claim of possible alien microbes - World Science,  5 January 2006. http://www.world-science.net/exclusives/060104_specksfrm1.htm
  2. http://www.panspermia.org/whatsne40.htm#060106
  3. Red rain may have ‘extraterrestrial origin’ By Jenifer Johnston - Sunday Herald (UK),   15 January 2006,  http://www.sundayherald.com/53577
  4. When  aliens rained over India - by Hazel Muir, New Scientist magazine, issue 2541, 04 March 2006,  page 34 (Cover Story) http://www.newscientist.com/contents/issue/2541.html http://www.newscientistspace.com/article/mg18925411.100.html
  5. It's raining aliens - New Scientist Podcast,  04 March 2006 ( mp3 format audio file size 10.3 MB) http://www.newscientist.com/data/av/podcast/newsci-20060303-raining-aliens.mp3
  6. Red rain could prove that aliens have landed - By Amelia Gentleman and Robin McKie, The Observer (UK), 05 March 2006 http://observer.guardian.co.uk/world/story/0,,1723913,00.html
  7. Is it raining aliens?.... by Michael Hanlon, E-Notes.com, 06 March 2006  http://science.enotes.com/science-news/raining-aliens-red-blood-falling-from-sky-baffled
  8. Is mysterious 'red rain' first evidence of life in space?  By Chris Benfield, Yorkshire Post (UK), 06 March 2006 http://www.yorkshiretoday.co.uk/ViewArticle2.aspx?SectionID=55&ArticleID=1375334
  9. Red rain from another planet? - by George Iype, Rediff  news, 08 March 2006 http://www.rediff.com/news/2006/mar/08gspec.htm
  10. Life hain professor! - Prerna Shah, Times of India, 10 March 2006  http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/1445747.cms
  11. Alien attack after red rain in Kerala - Naveen Nair, CNN-IBN, 18 March 2006 http://www.ibnlive.com/article.php?id=6952&section_id=11#

  12. Red rain puzzle is still up in the air -by  Hazel Muir , New Scientist Magazine issue 2545, 01 April 2006  http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg19025453.100.html

  13. UK Team offer new insight into red rain mystery - British Satellite News, 27 April 2006 http://www.bsn.org.uk/view_all.php?id=11615
  14. Red rain of Kerala - David Darling, Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, Astronomy & Spaceflight, http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/R/red_rain_of_Kerala.html
  15. Is It Raining Aliens? - Jebediah Reed, Popular Science, June 2006, http://www.popsci.com/popsci/science/2c21c0f98d07b010vgnvcm1000004eecbccdrcrd.html
  16. Mysterious red cells might be aliens - Jebediah Reed , CNN.com,  June 2, 2006  http://edition.cnn.com/2006/TECH/science/06/02/red.rain/

  17. Red rain in Kerala - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia   http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_rain_in_Kerala

  18. Physicist: Cell-like structures could be microbes from space - WorldNetDaily.com, June 4, 2006 http://www.worldnetdaily.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=50498
  19. Something  weird fell in the red rain - Ed  Willett , Leader-Post, June 08, 2006 http://www.canada.com/reginaleaderpost/news/arts_life/story.html?id=c1627bd9-334a-428a-8d5f-a7c532c44ec2
  20. "Extraterrestrial Life" in Red Rain of Kerala, India? -Linda Moulton Howe,  Earthfiles.com, June 15, 2006 http://www.earthfiles.com/news/news.cfm?ID=1103&category=Science
  21. When aliens visit - David Tenenbaum, The Why Files, 22 June 2006, http://whyfiles.org/shorties/207red_rain/
  22. Germs from space? - Michael Carroll , Astronomy Magazine , 21 June 2006, http://www.astronomy.com/asy/default.aspx?c=a&id=4337Alien Lifefall in Red Rain on India? - Douglas Chapman, Strangemag.com, http://www.strangemag.com/redrainfolder/alienlifefall.html
  23. Red Rain Cells of Kerala, India - Still No Definite DNA - Linda Moulton Howe,  Earthfiles.com, August 19, 2006 http://www.earthfiles.com/news/news.cfm?ID=1129&category=Science
  24. Ripple Marks:  Red Rain - Cheryl Lyn Dybas , Oceanography Vol. 19 , No.3, Page 11, Sept 2006 http://www.tos.org/oceanography/issues/issue_archive/issue_pdfs/19_3/19.3_ripple_marks.pdf
  25. Prof. Chandra Wickramasinghe - the man who asserted: "Life did not start here on earth but in space,"  - by Walter Jayawardhana , Asian Tribune,   October 26,  2006. http://www.asiantribune.com/index.php?q=node/2788
  26. David Darling's News letter #37 http://www.daviddarling.info/discussion/newsletters_past_37.html
  27. David Darling's News letter #39 http://www.daviddarling.info/discussion/newsletters_past_39.html
  28. Claim of alien cells in rain may fit historical accounts: study – World Science Net , Jan 22, 2008 http://www.world-science.net/exclusives/080122_red-rain.htm
  29. Link to the  abstract of original paper of P. McCafferty in International Journal of Astrobiology: http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?aid=1661980 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1473550407003904
  30. “It’s Raining Aliens!” Coloured Rain in Kerala and the Fuzzy Frontiers of Science - Shiju Sam Varughese -Sarai Reader 07: Frontiers  pages 348-358 http://archive.sarai.net/files/original/adeae9a94d06fda9d3a0281278823fe8.pdf
  31. 'Alternative life' at 300 Celsius - R Gopakumar, DH News Service, Thiruvananthapuram, http://archive.deccanherald.com/deccanherald.com/content/Jun212008/national2008062074569.asp
  32. Report: cells “from space” have unusual makeup – World Science, 8th September 2008, http://www.world-science.net/exclusives/080908_redrain.htm
  33. Panspermia theorists say India's red rain contains life not seen on Earth http://www.news.com.au/technology/science/panspermia-theorists-say-indias-red-rain-contains-life-not-seen-on-earth/story-fn5fsgyc-1225913620448 (September 03, 2010)
  34. 'Alien Rain': Extraterrestrial Theories Explored On 'Unexplained Files' - David Moye - Pop culture journalist, HuffPost Weird News - 25 September 2013 10:29 am ET - http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/alien-rain-unexplained-files_n_3982523.html?section=india 

Publications Astro Bio

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Published: Friday, 22 January 2016 18:52
Hits: 5712

Publications in the area of Astrobiology

 

  1. A. Santhosh Kumar, N. Chandra Wickramasinghe and Godfrey Louis,
    Red Rain Cells of Kerala as a Possible Carrier of the Diffuse Interstellar Bands and the UV Extinction Bump,
    Advances in Astrophysics, Vol. 4, No. 2, 72-81, May 2019. https://dx.doi.org/10.22606/adap.2019.42003
  2. Edward J. Steele, Shirwan Al-Mufti, Kenneth A. Augustyn, Rohana Chandrajith, John P. Coghlan, S.G. Coulson, Sudipto Ghosh, Mark Gillman, Reginald M. Gorczynski, Brig Klyce, Godfrey Louis, Kithsiri Mahanama, Keith R. Oliver, Julio Padron, Jiangwen Qu, John A. Schuster, W.E. Smith, Duane P. Snyder, Julian A. Steele, Brent J. Stewart, Robert Temple, Gensuke Tokoro, Christopher A. Tout, Alexander Unzicker, Milton Wainwright, Jamie Wallis, Daryl H. Wallis, Max K. Wallis, John Wetherall, D.T. Wickramasinghe, J.T. Wickramasinghe, N. Chandra Wickramasinghe, Yongsheng Liu, 
    Reply to editorial and commentaries on Steele, Al-Mufti, Augustyn, Chandrajith, Coghlan, Coulson et al. (2018) "Cause of Cambrian explosion - Terrestrial or Cosmic?",
    Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology, 136, 27-28, (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2018.03.007
  3. Edward J. Steele, Shirwan Al-Mufti, Kenneth A. Augustyn, Rohana Chandrajith, John P. Coghlan, S.G. Coulson, Sudipto Ghosh, Mark Gillman, Reginald M. Gorczynski, Brig Klyce, Godfrey Louis, Kithsiri Mahanama, Keith R. Oliver, Julio Padron, Jiangwen Qu, John A. Schuster, W.E. Smith, Duane P. Snyder, Julian A. Steele, Brent J. Stewart, Robert Temple, Gensuke Tokoro, Christopher A. Tout, Alexander Unzicker, Milton Wainwright, Jamie Wallis, Daryl H. Wallis, Max K. Wallis, John Wetherall, D.T. Wickramasinghe, J.T. Wickramasinghe, N. Chandra Wickramasinghe, Yongsheng Liu,
    Cause of Cambrian Explosion - Terrestrial or Cosmic?,
    Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology,136, 3-23, (2018), doi: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2018.03.004
  4. A. S. Kumar, N. C. Wickramasinghe, and G. Louis,
    “A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TRENTEPOHLIA AND RED RAIN CELLS,”
    Int. J. Recent Sci. Res., vol. 4, no. 8, pp. 1205–1209, 2013; [Full text PDF at Journal site].
  5. Godfrey Louis and A. Santhosh Kumar
    " Autofluorescence characteristics of the red rain cells ",
    Proc. SPIE 8865, Instruments, Methods, and Missions for Astrobiology XVI, p. 88650I (2013); doi:10.1117/12.2024366
  6. R. Gangappa, C. Wickramasinghe, M. Wainwright, A. S. Kumar, and G. Louis, “Growth and replication of red rain cells at 121[degree]C and their red fluorescence,” in Instruments, Methods, and Missions for Astrobiology XIII, 2010, vol. 7819, no. 1, p. 78190N–11; doi: 10.1117/12.876393
  7. G. Louis and A. S. Kumar, “Growth characteristics of red rain microbes at temperatures below 100 deg C,” in Instruments, Methods, and Missions for Astrobiology XIII, 2010, vol. 7819, no. 1, p. 78190R–9; doi: 10.1117/12.860807
  8. A. S. Kumar and G. Louis, “An optical spectroscopic study correlating the yellow rain and cultured red rain microbes,” in Instruments and Methods for Astrobiology and Planetary Missions XII, 2009, vol. 7441, no. 1, p. 74410N–6; doi: 10.1117/12.826780
  9. G. Louis and A. S. Kumar, “Unusual autofluorescence characteristic of cultured red-rain cells,” in Instruments, Methods, and Missions for Astrobiology XI, 2008, vol. 7097, no. 1, pp. 709712–9; doi: 10.1117/12.794041
  10. G. Louis and A. S. Kumar, “The Red Rain Phenomenon of Kerala and its Possible Extraterrestrial Origin,” Astrophys. Space Sci., vol. 302, no. 1–4, pp. 175–187, Apr. 2006; doi: 10.1007/s10509-005-9025-4 ; [Full text PDF in arxiv.org].
  11. G. Louis and A. S. Kumar, “New biology of red rain extremophiles prove cometary panspermia,” eprint arXiv:astro-ph/0312639, pp. 1–17, Dec. 2003; [Full text PDF in arxiv.org].
  12. G. Louis and A. S. Kumar, “Cometary panspermia explains the red rain of Kerala,” eprint arXiv:astro-ph/0310120, pp. 1–20, Oct. 2003; [Full text PDF in arxiv.org]

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